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1. Improving Schools, Developing Inclusion

    Ainscow, M., Booth, T., and Dyson, A., with Farrell, P., Frankham, J., Gallannaugh, F., Howes, A., and Smith, R. (2006). Improving Schools, Developing Inclusion. London: Routledge. Read the first chapter here.Improving Schools, Developing Inclusion grew out of the United Kingdom’s largest-ever...

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   Improving Schools, Developing Inclusion

    Ainscow, M., Booth, T., and Dyson, A., with Farrell, P., Frankham, J., Gallannaugh, F., Howes, A., and Smith, R. (2006). Improving Schools, Developing Inclusion. London: Routledge.

    Read the first chapter here.

   Improving Schools, Developing Inclusion grew out of the United Kingdom’s largest-ever research initiative – the Economic and Social Research Council’s  Teaching and Learning Research Programme (TLRP). It is based on the experiences of a network of schools and educational authorities that are engaged in schooling improvement through understanding and developing inclusive practices.

    The book provides an overview of the research findings. The authors set out a development process that involves ‘principled interruptions’ to people’s current thinking about teaching and learning and opens the way to new ways of working. The factors that increase the likelihood of these interruptions include:

   ... the opportunities created for constructive dialogue by the strength of the school’s communities of practice; the management style of the head teacher and the distribution of leadership in the school; an engagement with evidence and critical perspectives; and an opportunity to analyse and reflect on the relationship between values and actions.

   Page 190

    Inclusive school development also requires external experts with the skills to facilitate real dialogue in which all perspectives are considered.

    The findings are brought to life with extended examples from the research schools. Shorter summaries and research briefings are also available on the   TLRP website.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Inquiry and knowledge-building, Leading change, Understanding inclusion, Effective schools

   Contributed by:

   Ainscow, M., Booth, T., and Dyson, A., with Farrell, P., Frankham, J., Gallannaugh, F., Howes, A., and Smith, R. 2006 London: Routledge..

2. Quality Teaching for Diverse Students in Schooling: Best Evidence Synthesis

   Alton-Lee. A. (2003). Quality Teaching for Diverse Students in Schooling: Best Evidence Synthesis. Wellington: Ministry of Education.See also the series of BES Exemplars: Quality Teaching/Ngā Kete Raukura – Ngā Tauira: He Ako Reikura, by Alton-Lee and others. Quality Teaching for...

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   Quality Teaching for Diverse Students in Schooling: Best Evidence Synthesis

   Alton-Lee. A. (2003). Quality Teaching for Diverse Students in Schooling: Best Evidence Synthesis. Wellington: Ministry of Education.

   See also the series of BES Exemplars: Quality Teaching/Ngā Kete Raukura – Ngā Tauira: He Ako Reikura, by Alton-Lee and others.

   Quality Teaching for Diverse Students in Schooling: Best Evidence Synthesis is framed around the concept of 'diversity'. It rejects the idea that we can segregate students into groups who are 'normal' or 'other'. Working from that inclusive frame, it identifies ten characteristics of teaching that are strongly associated with improved outcomes for diverse learners.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Inquiry and knowledge-building, Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Audit, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Alton-Lee, A. 2003 Wellington: Ministry of Education.

3. BES Exemplars: Quality Teaching/Ngā Kete Raukura – Ngā Tauira: He Ako Reikura

   A series of BES Quality Teaching exemplars has now been published by the Ministry of Education. The exemplars demonstrate: the nature of highly effective teaching the professional learning, leadership, and educationally powerful connections with families, whānau, and communities that support...

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   BES Exemplars: Quality Teaching/Ngā Kete Raukura – Ngā Tauira: He Ako Reikura

   A series of BES Quality Teaching exemplars has now been published by the Ministry of Education. The exemplars demonstrate:

   • the nature of highly effective teaching
   • the professional learning, leadership, and educationally powerful connections with families, whānau, and communities that support such teaching.

   They show real people in real schools translating research into practice and generating new evidence for you to consider. This widened focus has led to the identification of eleven dimensions of quality teaching. The exemplars incorporate tools that teachers and school leaders can use to engage with the content and consider its application to their practice. These include an adapation of the inquiry and knowledge-building tool.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Inquiry and knowledge-building, Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Audit, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Alton-Lee, A., and others 2012 Wellington: Ministry of Education.

4. BES (Best Evidence Synthesis) Iterative Programme – Hei Kete Raukura

   The Iterative Best Evidence Synthesis (BES) programme brings together research-based evidence from New Zealand and elsewhere to explain what works in education and why for diverse (all) learners in schooling, focusing particularly on what makes a bigger difference for Māori...

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   BES (Best Evidence Synthesis) Iterative Programme – Hei Kete Raukura

   The Iterative Best Evidence Synthesis (BES) programme brings together research-based evidence from New Zealand and elsewhere to explain what works in education and why for diverse (all) learners in schooling, focusing particularly on what makes a bigger difference for Māori and Pasifika learners. Five BES reports have been published to date. These are:

   • School Leadership and Student Outcomes/He Kura Rangatira BES by V. Robinson, M. Hohepa, and C. Lloyd
   • Effective Pedagogy in the Social Sciences/Tikanga ā iwi BES by G. Aitken and C. Sinnema
   • Teacher Professional Learning and Development BES by H. Timperley et al.
   • Effective Pedagogy in Mathematics/Pāngarau BES by G. Anthony and M. Walshaw
   • Quality Teaching for Diverse Students in Schooling by A. Alton-Lee.

   Recent BESs feature vignettes and cases that bring their findings to life. Three have been summarised by the The International Academy of Education (IAE). These are:

   • Teacher Professional Learning and Development/Te Kaupapa Whakaako, Whakapakari Kaiako
   • Effective Pedagogy in Mathematics/Te Ako Pāngarau Whaihua
   • Effective Pedagogy in Social Sciences/Tikanga ā Iwi.

   The BES Exemplars are a recent development. Each exemplar describes how educators have successfully implemented a particular teaching approach and explains the conditions that enabled success. They are designed to help you implement a collaborative approach to ongoing school improvement that is responsive to diverse (all) learners.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Inquiry and knowledge-building, Leading change, Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Ministry of Education.

5. Ministry of Education: Special Education

   The Special Education section of the Ministry of Education website includes pages on ASD, including   ASD evaluation and research. While the reports are made to the Ministry of Education, they are a treasure trove of evidence that school communities...

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   Ministry of Education: Special Education

   The Special Education section of the Ministry of Education website includes pages on ASD, including   ASD evaluation and research. While the reports are made to the Ministry of Education, they are a treasure trove of evidence that school communities can use for their own decision-making. They include:

   • evaluations of professional development programmes such as Tips for Autism and of parent education programmes such as Early Bird and ASD Plus
   • a review of the effectiveness of applied behavioural analysis
   • an investigation into Māori perspectives of ASD.

   Other research publications dealing more generally with special education include:

   • a review of international trends in special education
   • a summary of the public response to the Review of Special Education
   • a literature review on interventions for students whose developmental disabilities are associated with challenging behaviours.

   Resources for:

   Further learning

   Relevant to:

   Leading change, Understanding autism spectrum disorder, Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Special education and ASD in NZ school settings, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Ministry of Education .

6. Including Students with High Needs

   Education Review Office (June 2010). Including Students with High Needs. Wellington: Education Review Office. In t his report, ERO found that half of schools demonstrated mostly inclusive practices for students with high needs. Thirty percent of schools had some areas of...

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   Including Students with High Needs

   Education Review Office (June 2010). Including Students with High Needs. Wellington: Education Review Office.

    In t his report, ERO found that half of schools demonstrated mostly inclusive practices for students with high needs. Thirty percent of schools had some areas of good performance, and 20 percent had few inclusive practices.

   ERO recommended that school staff:

   • use the report’s findings, case studies, self-review questions, and inclusive teaching indicators to review the extent to which students with high needs are included across the school
   • identify where students are not well included and implement a plan to extend the effective practice already in the school.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action

   Relevant to:

   Inquiry and knowledge-building, Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Special education and ASD in NZ school settings, Audit, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices, Managing transitions, Specific issues for secondary schools

   Contributed by:

   Education Review Office June 2010 .

7. Learners with Special Needs in Aotearoa New Zealand

   Fraser, D., Moltzen, R., and Ryba, K., eds (2005). Learners with Special Needs in Aotearoa New Zealand, 3rd ed. Palmerston North: Dunmore Press.This book is a standard text for people working in special education. While drawing on international research, it...

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   Learners with Special Needs in Aotearoa New Zealand

   Fraser, D., Moltzen, R., and Ryba, K., eds (2005). Learners with Special Needs in Aotearoa New Zealand, 3rd ed. Palmerston North: Dunmore Press.

   This book is a standard text for people working in special education. While drawing on international research, it emphasises New Zealand research and perspectives and how they are applied to practice. Discussion questions and case studies support the book’s use as a professional tool.

   The theme common to all parts of this multi-author book is a commitment to learner-centred, inclusive education that builds on strengths and addresses needs.

   Resources for:

   Further learning

   Relevant to:

   Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Special education and ASD in NZ school settings, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Fraser, D., Moltzen, R., and Ryba, K. 2005 3rd ed. Palmerston North: Dunmore Press.

8. Disabled Children Negotiating School Life: Agency, Difference and Teaching

   MacArthur, J., Sharp, S., Kelly, B., and Gaffney, M. (2007). "Disabled Children Negotiating School Life: Agency, Difference And Teaching Practice". International Journal of Children's Rights, 15, pp. 99–120.This important journal article covers many of the topics addressed in this resource...

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   Disabled Children Negotiating School Life: Agency, Difference and Teaching

   MacArthur, J., Sharp, S., Kelly, B., and Gaffney, M. (2007). "Disabled Children Negotiating School Life: Agency, Difference And Teaching Practice". International Journal of Children's Rights, 15, pp. 99–120.

   This important journal article covers many of the topics addressed in this resource but from the perspective of students themselves. It highlights the barriers to inclusion, but also describes policies and practices that make students feel included. The abstract reads:

   This paper reports on data from a three-year ethnographic study that highlights 11–14-year-old disabled children’s experiences of primary and secondary school. Observations at the micro level of the classroom and school grounds, and disabled children’s accounts of their life at school, combine to illustrate children’s agency as they negotiate a complex, changing, and often challenging social world. Children’s desires and rights to be valued and included as active participants in the group of “all children” are at risk, with some disabled children feeling and being made to feel different, and that difference being experienced in negative ways. Adults and peers at school can support disabled children’s agency, enhance their learning, and uphold their rights, but it is argued that systemic change is vital. The paper supports a focus on those aspects of school culture and pedagogy that are responsive to diversity, and on consistent and explicitly inclusive policy frameworks centred on children’s experiences and rights.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Special education and ASD in NZ school settings, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices, Specific issues for secondary schools

   Contributed by:

   MacArthur, J., Sharp, S., Kelly, B., and Gaffney, M. 2007 .

9. Learning Better Together: Working towards Inclusive Education in New Zealand Schools (DVD and booklet)

   A prominent New Zealand researcher and disability advocate, Jude MacArthur creates a coherent picture of what we can aspire to in our schools.The Learning Better Together booklet is closely aligned to the principles outlined in the Index for Inclusion. The...

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   Learning Better Together: Working towards Inclusive Education in New Zealand Schools (DVD and booklet)

   A prominent New Zealand researcher and disability advocate, Jude MacArthur creates a coherent picture of what we can aspire to in our schools.

   The Learning Better Together booklet is closely aligned to the principles outlined in the Index for Inclusion. The topics addressed include:

   • medical (deficit thinking) versus social models of disability
   • what inclusion means … and what it is not
   • Māori and inclusion
   • developing an inclusive school culture and inclusive classroom practices
   • inclusive education as matter of human rights and social justice
   • students’ social experiences and learning in regular compared to special education settings
   • the need for teacher professional development
   • the role of leaders.

   A   DVD is also available.It covers similar topics as well as a range of perspectives from children, parents, teachers, and principals. It is particularly valuable for exploring the principle of inclusion and the related concepts of segregation and exclusion. It shows disabled children being included in the classroom and playground context, clearly demonstrating the benefits to them and their peers. Important principles are addressed – for example, the need for active involvement by all concerned, the need for good communication between home and school, and the role of the teacher in addressing individual needs and setting up the classroom culture.

   The DVD shows that strategies for supporting students with special education needs (for example, visual schedules and social stories) are really just about knowing learners well and explicit teaching, and can be used to benefit others. The key message of both the DVD and the booklet is that inclusion is about responding to diversity and that it is a fundamental human right, not an act of beneficence.

    MacArthur, J. (2009). Learning Better Together: Working towards Inclusive Education in New Zealand Schools. Wellington: IHC New Zealand.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action

   Relevant to:

   Leading change, Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Special education and ASD in NZ school settings, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   MacArthur, J. 2009 IHC New Zealand.

10. The Review of Special Education: Public Response Summary

    Ministry of Education (2010c). The Review of Special Education: Public Response Summary. Wellington: Ministry of Education. This report summarises the extensive consultation on the Government’s special education policy, Success for All – Every School, Every Child. The report is organised...

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    The Review of Special Education: Public Response Summary

    Ministry of Education (2010c). The Review of Special Education: Public Response Summary. Wellington: Ministry of Education.

    This report summarises the extensive consultation on the Government’s special education policy, Success for All – Every School, Every Child. The report is organised around the questions that were asked in the review. It indicates out what New Zealanders think about:

    • what makes for a successful school
    • how schools could work together for success
    • what could be done to make transitions work better
    • how services and agencies would work better together
    • funding and resource use
    • how services could be improved and made more accountable
    • how complaints should be dealt with
    • the changes they would most like to see.

     The report includes quotes from respondents, many of whom share their experiences as carers for people with ASD, as parents or professionals. You may choose to select some for discussion, perhaps selecting contrasting views on specific topics so that you are forced to think more critically.

    Resources for:

    Further learning , Others' stories

    Relevant to:

    Understanding autism spectrum disorder, Understanding inclusion, Effective schools, Special education and ASD in NZ school settings

    Contributed by:

    Ministry of Education 2010 Wellington: Ministry of Education.