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1. Positive Behaviour for Learning (PB4L)

   Positive Behaviour for Learning (PB4L) is a new Ministry of Education website offering programmes and initiatives for parents, teachers and schools to promote positive behaviour in children and young people. It brings together information from research, practical strategies, examples of...

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   Positive Behaviour for Learning (PB4L)

   Positive Behaviour for Learning (PB4L) is a new Ministry of Education website offering programmes and initiatives for parents, teachers and schools to promote positive behaviour in children and young people. It brings together information from research, practical strategies, examples of strategies in action, and information about where you can get help.

   This website is still in development. At the time of writing it has sections on:

   • encouraging positive behaviours
   • deterring bullying
   • responding to an incident
   • being confident (from the perspectives of boards, school or centre leaders, teachers, and parents)
   • getting help and support.

   The website includes instructions on how to develop a  behaviour intervention plan and links to readings and tools for  understanding the function of behaviour.

   The website also offers checklists and links to monitoring and self-review tools that you can use to assess your school’s climate.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Audit, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Ministry of Education .

2. What Children’s Perspectives Tell Us About Inclusion

   This Open University unit is based on research into children’s perspectives of their experiences of education, in both mainstream and special education contexts. It could be used to prompt whole-school inquiry into the concept of inclusive education.The unit is intended...

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   What Children’s Perspectives Tell Us About Inclusion

   This Open University unit is based on research into children’s perspectives of their experiences of education, in both mainstream and special education contexts. It could be used to prompt whole-school inquiry into the concept of inclusive education.

   The unit is intended to provide:

   • an understanding of a context in which listening to the perspectives of children is important in developing inclusive education
   • an insight into the varying perspectives of children
   • an opportunity to reflect on how children’s perspectives fit into your developing model of good practice and how they relate to your own perspectives.

   Resources for:

   Further learning

   Relevant to:

   Understanding inclusion, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies

   Contributed by:

   The Open University .

3. Through Different Eyes: Assessment for Learners with Special Education Needs

   This  Ministry of Education website deals with assessment for learners with special education needs. Narrative assessment is intended to help these students to learn within the context of the New Zealand Curriculum and to help those who care for them to...

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   Through Different Eyes: Assessment for Learners with Special Education Needs

   This  Ministry of Education website deals with assessment for learners with special education needs. Narrative assessment is intended to help these students to learn within the context of the New Zealand Curriculum and to help those who care for them to provide the necessary support.

    The site has three main components:

   • The New Zealand Curriculum Exemplars for Learners with Special Education Needs: a set of exemplars that demonstrate how to notice, recognise, respond to, and revisit these student’s learning
   • Narrative Assessment: A Guide for Teachers (Ministry of Education, 2009): an introduction to the principles underpinning narrative assessment, with examples of learning stories and explanations of how to write them
   • case studies from St Anne’s Catholic School and Allenvale School on their experiences of using narrative assessment and learning stories.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Building inclusive school cultures, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Ministry of Education .

4. Teaching and Learning Research Programme (TLRP): Action Research for Developing Inclusion

   A UK educational research initiative, the Teaching and Learning Research Programme (TLRP) included an extensive action research network focused on inclusion. The network included 25 schools that collaborated with policy makers and university teams to identify and address barriers to...

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   Teaching and Learning Research Programme (TLRP): Action Research for Developing Inclusion

   A UK educational research initiative, the Teaching and Learning Research Programme (TLRP) included an extensive action research network focused on inclusion. The network included 25 schools that collaborated with policy makers and university teams to identify and address barriers to inclusion. Later, a smaller study focused on the use of action research to improve inclusion in secondary schools. The Index for Inclusion (Booth et al., 2000) was the starting point for the research, and the findings are summarised in  Improving Schools, Developing Inclusion (Ainscow et al., 2006).

   The Programme’s website has short summaries and research briefings on findings that you may, at least initially, find more useful than the book. Two are likely to be especially helpful:

   • The Development of Inclusive Practices in Schools: Through What Processes Can Schools Become More Inclusive
   • Engaging Teachers, Engaging Learners: Action Research for Developing Inclusion In Secondary Schools.

   TLRP has also developed set of  Practitioner Applications that provide suggestions about how the findings can be applied to the classroom.

   Resources for:

   Further learning

   Relevant to:

   Inquiry and knowledge-building, Understanding inclusion, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices, Specific issues for secondary schools

5. Te Kotahitanga

   The  Te Kotahitanga project is founded on knowledge gained through listening to the voices of Māori students. Groups of Māori students told Te Kotahitanga’s researchers that the main influence on their educational achievement was the quality of the relationships and interactions...

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   Te Kotahitanga

   The  Te Kotahitanga project is founded on knowledge gained through listening to the voices of Māori students. Groups of Māori students told Te Kotahitanga’s researchers that the main influence on their educational achievement was the quality of the relationships and interactions that they had with their teachers. On the basis of this learning, the project has developed a research and professional development programme that: 

   • supports teachers to improve Māori students learning and achievement, enabling teachers to create a culturally responsive context for learning which is responsive to evidence of student performance and understandings
   • enables school leaders, and the wider school community, to focus on changing school structures and organisations to more effectively support teachers in this endeavour.

    The website tells the story of the project’s journey and surfaces the key ideas from what it has learned.

   Curriculum Update No. 7 provides a succinct summary of the project’s findings. Guiding questions in the Update help you to consider their implications for your school.

   Ministry of Education (April 2011). Curriculum Update No. 7: Te Kotahitanga. Wellington: Learning Media.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Leading change, Building inclusive school cultures, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Ministry of Education .

6. Autism Spectrum Disorder Inclusion Collaboration Model

   Simpson, R. L., de Boer-Ott, S. R., and Smith-Myles, B. (2003). “Inclusion of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders in General Education Settings”. Topics in Language Disorders, 23(2), pp. 116–134. (This article can be accessed in the  ERIC database, searching on...

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   Autism Spectrum Disorder Inclusion Collaboration Model

   Simpson, R. L., de Boer-Ott, S. R., and Smith-Myles, B. (2003). “Inclusion of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders in General Education Settings”. Topics in Language Disorders, 23(2), pp. 116–134. (This article can be accessed in the  ERIC database, searching on document number EJ671447.)

    Simpson et al.'s Autism Spectrum Disorder Inclusion Collaboration Model is based on the assumptions that:

   • autistic students and nondisabled students benefit from interaction with each other
   • staff endorse the concept of inclusion and are able to take on the responsibility of having autistic students
   • there is a spirit of collaboration in the model’s implementation.

   Simpson et al. explain the five components of the model:

   • environmental and curricular modifications, general education classroom support and instructional methods
   • attitudinal and social supports
   • coordinated team commitment
   • recurrent evaluation of inclusion procedures
   • home–school collaboration.

   The article below includes checklists that may help guide your efforts to include students with ASD in the general education classroom effectively.  The Spring 2007 edition of The Inclusion Notebook summarises the model (see page 9).

   “Inclusive Education and Autism”. (Spring 2007). The Inclusion Notebook, VI(1).

   Bounds’ thesis describes how the model supported improved outcomes for 18 primary school students in nine mainstream schools in Australia. It focuses primarily on the effect of teacher support on student behaviour.

   Bounds, J. (2009). “A Study of the Outcomes of Collaborative and Structured Support for Primary School Teachers to Facilitate Inclusive Education for Students with an Autism Spectrum Disorder”. PhD thesis, Flinders University of South Australia.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action

   Relevant to:

   Understanding autism spectrum disorder, Audit, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

   Contributed by:

   Simpson, R. L., de Boer-Ott, S.r., Smith-Myles, B. 2003 'Topics in Language Disorders'', 23(12), pp. 116–134..

7. The Autism Web Course

   The  Autism Web Course offers online modules that provide information about people with ASD and ways of providing support.The course was developed collaboratively by the State Departments of Education of Connecticut, and Minnesota, and the University of Kansas (the Interactive Collaborative...

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   The Autism Web Course

   The  Autism Web Course offers online modules that provide information about people with ASD and ways of providing support.

   The course was developed collaboratively by the State Departments of Education of Connecticut, and Minnesota, and the University of Kansas (the Interactive Collaborative Autism Network Project or ICAN). It has since been updated by the University of New Mexico.

   While the course has a variety of modules on specific topics such as functional behavioural assessments and the Circle of Friends approach, the developers describe the following modules as ‘foundational’:

   1. Characteristics: An overview of ASD topics such as current diagnostic criteria, prevalence, characteristics in various domains, and issues related to diagnosis, medication, and education.
   2. Assessment: Formal and informal assessment techniques for students with ASD. Covers assessment categories, reviews instruments or techniques, and looks at how various assessment techniques can be applied to different ASD symptoms.
   3. Academic Interventions: Intervention techniques for learning that facilitate skill acquisition in students with ASD.
   4. Behavioral Interventions: Interventions that improve or alleviate ASD-associated behaviours. Inlcludes lessons related to applied behaviour analysis and positive behaviour supports.
   5. Communication Interventions: Interventions that facilitate communication skills for students with ASD. Many hands-on examples are introduced in each lesson.
   6. Environmental Interventions: Effective strategies using environmental modifications. Introduces a wide range of approaches, such as inclusion, computer-assisted instruction, and visual supports.
   7. Social Interventions: Interventions that improve the social skills of children and youth with ASD. Topics such as peer-related social strategies and social stories are discussed.
   8. Family Support Suggestions: Helpful ideas for the families of children and youth with ASD. Includes topics such as best practice recommendations, parent perspectives and recommendations for working with families.

   Each module has an introduction, overview, lecture, quiz, FAQs (frequently asked questions), and references. There is also an extensive glossary.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action

   Relevant to:

   Understanding autism spectrum disorder, Building inclusive school cultures, Evolving inclusive practices

8. Tips for Autism

   Tips for Autism is a three-day course that supports the care community around an individual child with ASD to learn how they can work together to help that child achieve better outcomes. It is funded by the Ministries of Education...

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   Tips for Autism

   Tips for Autism is a three-day course that supports the care community around an individual child with ASD to learn how they can work together to help that child achieve better outcomes. It is funded by the Ministries of Education and Health and is available nationwide.

   The  evaluation report carried out by Bevan-Brown et al. indicates that this course meets the criteria for a high quality course that contributes to better outcomes for people with ASD.

   A summary of the original report is also available at the same link.

   Bevan-Brown, J., Bourke, R., Butler, P., Carroll-Lind, J., Kearney, A., and Mentis, M. (November 2011). Evaluation of the ‘Tips for Autism’ Professional Learning and Development Programme. Wellington: Ministry of Education.

   The Tips for Autism website provides details about the course and how to apply. People who have completed the course can access additional resources on the website.

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action

   Relevant to:

   Leading change, Understanding autism spectrum disorder, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices, Managing transitions

   Contributed by:

   Ministries of Education and Health.

9. Tony Attwood

   Tony Attwood is a much respected expert on ASD who frequently visits New Zealand to give presentations.  His website focuses on Aspergers Syndrome. It offers useful guidance for those with Aspergers Syndrome, for their families and friends and for professionals. However,...

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   Tony Attwood

   Tony Attwood is a much respected expert on ASD who frequently visits New Zealand to give presentations.  His website focuses on Aspergers Syndrome. It offers useful guidance for those with Aspergers Syndrome, for their families and friends and for professionals. However, much of the content is not free.

   At the  Autism Hangout Dr Attwood provides answers to people’s questions in discussion with fellow expert, Craig Evans. This is organised into two parts: 

   • Part 1:
     • Allergy elimination advantages
     • Aspie behaviors + stress = complications
     • Locating “autism-friendly schools”
     • Aspie behaviors and aging ... do they change?
     • NT (neurotypical) and Aspie reactions to a diagnosis
     • How to deal with bullying behavior (from an Aspie)
   • Part 2:
     • Co-dependent relationships. Why they’re not good ... and how to end them
     • Helping an undiagnosed Aspie consider his condition
     • Aspies as excellent employees. How to lobby for yourself!
     • Inappropriate touching. What to do and not to do (i.e., don’t panic!)

   Resources for:

   Further learning , Taking action , Others' stories

   Relevant to:

   Understanding autism spectrum disorder, Building inclusive school cultures, Evolving inclusive practices

10. UNESCO: Education for All

    Education for All is a global commitment to ensuring a quality basic education for all children, youth, and adults. This commitment was first made in 1990, in the World Declaration on Education for All (EFA). It was renewed at the...

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    UNESCO: Education for All

    Education for All is a global commitment to ensuring a quality basic education for all children, youth, and adults. This commitment was first made in 1990, in the World Declaration on Education for All (EFA). It was renewed at the World Education Forum in 2000, which established six goals to be met by 2015.

    UNESCO’s  Education Toolkit can be used to help create a child-centred, learning-friendly environment for all children, including those with special education needs. They include practical teaching strategies, illustrated with examples from around the world.

    There is some tension between the concepts of ‘inclusive education’ and ‘education for all’. If you are interested in exploring this while learning more about disability education around the world, you may find the article by Miles and Singal of interest. Their conclusion includes the suggestion that 'Developing local understandings of the complex concepts of "education", "all" and "inclusion" is critical to the development of appropriate and sustainable policies on teaching and learning' (page 7). (The article cn be access on the  ERIC databse, document number EJ875302.)

    Miles, S., and Singal, N. (2010). “The Education for All and Inclusive Education Debate: Conflict, Contradiction or Opportunity?” International Journal of Inclusive Education, 14(1), pp. 1–15.

    Resources for:

    Further learning , Taking action , Others' stories

    Relevant to:

    Understanding inclusion, Special education and ASD in NZ school settings, Building inclusive school cultures, Producing inclusive school policies, Evolving inclusive practices

    Contributed by:

    UNESCO .